<util/delay.h>: Convenience functions for busy-wait delay loops

    #define F_CPU 1000000UL  // 1 MHz
    //#define F_CPU 14.7456E6
    #include <util/delay.h>

Note:

As an alternative method, it is possible to pass the F_CPU macro down to the compiler from the Makefile. Obviously, in that case, no #define statement should be used.

The functions in this header file are wrappers around the basic busy-wait functions from <util/delay_basic.h>. They are meant as convenience functions where actual time values can be specified rather than a number of cycles to wait for. The idea behind is that compile-time constant expressions will be eliminated by compiler optimization so floating-point expressions can be used to calculate the number of delay cycles needed based on the CPU frequency passed by the macro F_CPU.

Note:

In order for these functions to work as intended, compiler optimizations must be enabled, and the delay time must be an expression that is a known constant at compile-time. If these requirements are not met, the resulting delay will be much longer (and basically unpredictable), and applications that otherwise do not use floating-point calculations will experience severe code bloat by the floating-point library routines linked into the application.

The functions available allow the specification of microsecond, and millisecond delays directly, using the application-supplied macro F_CPU as the CPU clock frequency (in Hertz).